PSG has now claimed the season-opening cup on 14 separate times.
The Parisian giants required a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a successful spot-kick decider to overcome Marseille in the Gulf and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions victory.
The European champions seemed to be coasting towards a straightforward triumph in the showdown featuring the Ligue 1 winners and the French Cup winners after the French winger opened the net early on.
Yet, the southern French side fired two times in the closing moments to take a surprise lead. First, Mason Greenwood scored from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable twist of events, the Portuguese striker grabbed a vital leveler in the final moments to force the contest into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the hero, saving crucial kicks from O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and the young talent all converted with composure for PSG to seal a 4-1 penalty win.
The record champions PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now won this competition for the twelfth time in the last thirteen seasons.